{"id":431304,"date":"2025-12-28T15:45:20","date_gmt":"2025-12-28T14:45:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/?p=431304"},"modified":"2025-12-28T15:45:20","modified_gmt":"2025-12-28T14:45:20","slug":"pourquoi-on-adore-regarder-series-deteste","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/proc-radi-sledujeme-televizni-serialy-a-proc-je-nenavidime-431304","title":{"rendered":"Pro\u010d r\u00e1di sledujeme seri\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 nen\u00e1vid\u00edme?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Vzdych\u00e1te, proto\u010d\u00edte panenky, kritizujete ka\u017edou repliku dialogu\u2026 a p\u0159esto ma\u010dk\u00e1te \u201edal\u0161\u00ed epizodu\u201c. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m p\u0159ijde \u0161patn\u00fd, zdaleka nen\u00ed n\u00e1hoda: je to t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ritu\u00e1l. Za t\u00edmto paradoxn\u00edm pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 psychologick\u00fd mechanismus mnohem zaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se zd\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h2> Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00e1visti: kdy\u017e se nen\u00e1vist stane z\u00e1bavou<\/h2>\n<p> Toto chov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 n\u00e1zev: hate-watching (sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00e1visti). Ozna\u010duje akt \u00famysln\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk pova\u017euje za otravn\u00fd, \u0161patn\u011b napsan\u00fd nebo problematick\u00fd, ne navzdory t\u011bmto nedostatk\u016fm, ale pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli nim. Na rozd\u00edl od prost\u00e9ho zklam\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1l vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 intenzivn\u00ed emoce, kter\u00e9 upoutaj\u00ed pozornost.<\/p>\n<p>Kdybyste se jen trochu nudili, vzdali byste to. Ale tady reaguje cel\u00e9 va\u0161e t\u011blo: nap\u011bt\u00ed, nerv\u00f3zn\u00ed sm\u00edch, rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed. V\u00e1\u0161 mozek to miluje. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.forbes.com\/sites\/traversmark\/2023\/09\/22\/a-psychologist-explains-why-we-hate-watch-cringe-tv\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v oblasti medi\u00e1ln\u00ed psychologie<\/a> vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, \u017ee tyto siln\u00e9 emoce, i ty negativn\u00ed, stimuluj\u00ed produkci dopaminu a adrenalinu. V\u00fdsledek: va\u0161e mysl je bd\u011bl\u00e1, va\u0161e energie proud\u00ed, va\u0161e p\u0159\u00edtomnost je \u00fapln\u00e1. Jste zaujati, \u017eiv\u00ed, vit\u00e1ln\u00ed, i kdy\u017e si st\u011b\u017eujete. Va\u0161e t\u011blo to c\u00edt\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011b to d\u011bl\u00e1 z tohoto z\u00e1\u017eitku n\u00e1vykovou zku\u0161enost.<\/p>\n<h2> Ne\u010dekan\u00e9 pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed z \u201enegativn\u00edch\u201c emoc\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p> Studie emoc\u00ed v reakci na beletrii ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee hn\u011bv, rozpaky nebo podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed lze vn\u00edmat jako p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, pokud jsou poci\u0165ov\u00e1ny v bezpe\u010dn\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u00edte, \u017ee je to \u201ejen p\u0159edstaven\u00ed\u201c. Tento odstup prom\u011b\u0148uje podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost v emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed hru. Pozorujete sv\u00e9 reakce, n\u011bkdy je p\u0159eh\u00e1n\u00edte, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 si je vychutn\u00e1v\u00e1te.<\/p>\n<p>Tomu \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me metaemoce: nez\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed jen na tom, co c\u00edt\u00edte, ale i na pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed z pro\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed n\u011b\u010deho intenzivn\u00edho. Stimuluje se va\u0161e citlivost, kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed a analytick\u00e9 schopnosti. Dovol\u00edte si c\u00edtit se naplno, bez omezen\u00ed, bez nebezpe\u010d\u00ed. Forma emo\u010dn\u00ed svobody, pro mysl t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 osv\u011b\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2> Symbolick\u00e1 nad\u0159azenost a ironick\u00fd odstup<\/h2>\n<p> Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd nen\u00e1vid\u00edte, m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 pos\u00edlit va\u0161e ego. Pouk\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00edm na d\u011bjov\u00e9 d\u00edry nebo karikaturn\u00ed postavy se c\u00edt\u00edte proz\u00edrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, v\u00edce \u201enad t\u00edm\u201c. Tento postoj vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed odstup: jste zapojeni, ale ne oklam\u00e1ni. Tento mechanismus je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00fd u seri\u00e1l\u016f pova\u017eovan\u00fdch za \u201eprovinil\u00e9 pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed\u201c. Abyste je mohli d\u00e1l sledovat bez v\u00fd\u010ditek sv\u011bdom\u00ed, kritizujete je. Z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1te oddan\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 si zachov\u00e1v\u00e1te image n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9ho div\u00e1ka. V\u00e1\u0161 pohled je z\u00e1rove\u0148 posm\u011b\u0161n\u00fd i anga\u017eovan\u00fd, jemn\u00e1 rovnov\u00e1ha mezi nestydat\u00fdm pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm a ironick\u00fdm soudem.<\/p>\n<h2> Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b: katalyz\u00e1tory kolektivn\u00edho pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p> Dnes je sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00e1vistn\u00fdch sc\u00e9n jen z\u0159\u00eddka osam\u011blou \u010dinnost\u00ed. Komentov\u00e1n\u00ed epizody v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u010dase, sd\u00edlen\u00ed vlastn\u00edho rozho\u0159\u010den\u00ed, vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed mem\u016f nebo absurdn\u00edch teori\u00ed prom\u011b\u0148uje sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v soci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek. Va\u0161e podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost se st\u00e1v\u00e1 zdrojem sm\u00edchu, diskuse a kamar\u00e1dstv\u00ed. Kolektivn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ra zesiluje emoce a \u010din\u00ed je snesiteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/digitalcommons.trinity.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1010&context=comm_honors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">V\u00fdzkum sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1l\u016f na pln\u00fd \u00favazek<\/a> ukazuje, \u017ee mnoho div\u00e1k\u016f si seri\u00e1l u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v\u00edce, kdy\u017e se stane odrazov\u00fdm m\u016fstkem k diskusi. I pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00fd seri\u00e1l vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed spojen\u00ed. C\u00edt\u00edte se propojeni, zahrnuti, sly\u0161eni. Va\u0161e pot\u011b\u0161en\u00ed u\u017e nepoch\u00e1z\u00ed pouze ze samotn\u00e9ho seri\u00e1lu, ale z toho, co v\u00e1m umo\u017e\u0148uje: mluvit, kritizovat, sm\u00e1t se spole\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<h2> V\u011bnujte pozornost emo\u010dn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n<p> Odborn\u00edci n\u00e1m v\u0161ak p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee neust\u00e1l\u00e1 konzumace obsahu, kter\u00fd podporuje cynismus, m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit v\u00e1\u0161 pohled na sv\u011bt. Neust\u00e1lou kritikou si m\u016f\u017eete ztvrdit sv\u00e9 \u00fasudky nebo normalizovat negativitu. Kl\u00ed\u010d tedy spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v rovnov\u00e1ze. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00e1vistn\u00fdch po\u0159ad\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt do\u010dasn\u00fdm ventilem, hrav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, jak uvolnit nap\u011bt\u00ed. Va\u0161e mysl si tak\u00e9 zaslou\u017e\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy, kter\u00e9 p\u011bstuj\u00ed empatii, radost a zv\u011bdavost. Va\u0161e emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed t\u011blo pot\u0159ebuje jemnost stejn\u011b jako stimulaci.<\/p>\n<p>Nakonec, pokud budete i nad\u00e1le sledovat seri\u00e1ly, kter\u00e9 \u201enen\u00e1vid\u00edte\u201c, nen\u00ed to slabost. Je to d\u016fkaz, \u017ee jste citliv\u00ed, anga\u017eovan\u00ed a zv\u011bdav\u00ed. A to je vlastn\u011b skv\u011bl\u00e1 vlastnost.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Vzdych\u00e1te, proto\u010d\u00edte panenky, kritizujete ka\u017edou repliku dialogu\u2026 a p\u0159esto ma\u010dk\u00e1te \u201edal\u0161\u00ed epizodu\u201c. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed seri\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m p\u0159ijde \u0161patn\u00fd,...","protected":false},"author":8375,"featured_media":431308,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"disable_msn":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1062],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-431304","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-culture"],"image":{"medium":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/JESHOOTS.com-_-Pexels-2-200x113.jpg",200,113,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/JESHOOTS.com-_-Pexels-2-500x281.jpg",500,281,true]},"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/JESHOOTS.com-_-Pexels-2.jpg","author":{"name":"Fabienne Baure","avatar":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/fabienne_baure-96x96.jpg"},"categories":[{"term_id":1062,"name":"Kultura","slug":"culture","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":1156,"taxonomy":"category","description":"<p>Rubrika Kultura v magaz\u00ednu The Body Optimist vyb\u00edr\u00e1 a rozeb\u00edr\u00e1 filmy, seri\u00e1ly, knihy, hudbu a v\u00fdstavy z pohledu reprezentace: jak\u00e1 t\u011bla, jak\u00e9 \u017eeny a jak\u00e9 identity vid\u00edme na pl\u00e1tn\u011b, v knihkupectv\u00ed nebo na p\u00f3diu? Doporu\u010den\u00ed, anal\u00fdzy a z\u00e1kulis\u00ed jsou ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u0161em, kdo se r\u00e1di bav\u00ed, ale kritick\u00fd pohled si nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed zapnut\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2>Co najde\u0161 v rubrice Kultura<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Filmy a seri\u00e1ly<\/strong>: novinky, klasiky, ke kter\u00fdm se vyplat\u00ed vr\u00e1tit, a tematick\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011bry, od <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/nejlepsi-filmy-k-navozeni-podzimni-nalady-447190\">film\u016f pro podzimn\u00ed n\u00e1ladu<\/a> po romantick\u00e9 komedie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Knihy<\/strong>: rom\u00e1ny, eseje a d\u011btsk\u00e9 kn\u00ed\u017eky, kter\u00e9 otev\u00edraj\u00ed t\u00e9mata rovnosti, odli\u0161nosti a identity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hudba a p\u00f3dium<\/strong>: zp\u011bva\u010dky, kapely, vystoupen\u00ed a sexistick\u00e1 kritika, kter\u00e9 um\u011blkyn\u011b st\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed, jak ukazuje p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/ciste-zenska-hudebni-skupina-katseye-se-po-svem-vystoupeni-stala-tercem-sexisticke-kritiky-433964\">d\u00edv\u010d\u00ed skupiny kritizovan\u00e9 po sv\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Um\u011bn\u00ed a v\u00fdstavy<\/strong>: fotografie, malba, kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/dlouho-pripisovano-muzum-dila-ve-skutecnosti-podepisovana-zenami-443815\">d\u00edla dlouho p\u0159ipisovan\u00e1 mu\u017e\u016fm, kter\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti vytvo\u0159ily \u017eeny<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kultura pro d\u011bti<\/strong>: filmy a knihy, se kter\u00fdmi se d\u00e1 u\u017e od \u00fatl\u00e9ho v\u011bku mluvit o odli\u0161nosti, posti\u017een\u00ed nebo souhlasu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kulturn\u00ed fenom\u00e9ny<\/strong>: tvorba v dob\u011b um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/speedwatching-je-trend-ktery-nas-nuti-konzumovat-zrychlena-videa-429319\">sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vide\u00ed ve zrychlen\u00e9m re\u017eimu<\/a> nebo radost z opakovan\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stejn\u00fdch seri\u00e1l\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Jak poznat opravdu inkluzivn\u00ed d\u00edlo?<\/h2>\n<p>Inkluzivn\u00ed d\u00edlo nep\u0159id\u00e1 jen jednu \u201ejinou\u201c postavu: d\u00e1 j\u00ed vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, touhy a \u00fahel pohledu. P\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed filmu, seri\u00e1lu nebo rom\u00e1nu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u00e1r ot\u00e1zek:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>projde Bechdelov\u00e9 testem, tedy mluv\u00ed v n\u011bm spolu aspo\u0148 dv\u011b \u017eeny o n\u011b\u010dem jin\u00e9m ne\u017e o mu\u017ei?<\/li>\n<li>existuj\u00ed tlust\u00e9 postavy, postavy jin\u00e9 barvy pleti, LGBTQIA+ nebo s posti\u017een\u00edm i mimo tuto jedinou charakteristiku?<\/li>\n<li>slou\u017e\u00ed jejich t\u011blo jako zdroj vtipu, nebo je kamera sn\u00edm\u00e1 se stejnou pozornost\u00ed jako ostatn\u00ed?<\/li>\n<li>kdo d\u00edlo napsal, re\u017e\u00edroval nebo ilustroval?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>U\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm vod\u00edtkem pro rozbor toho, jak se kamera d\u00edv\u00e1 na \u017eeny, je i pojem <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/zensky-pohled-predefinovane-kody-obrazovky-440310\">\u201e\u017eensk\u00fd pohled\u201c (female gaze)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup: bavit se s otev\u0159en\u00fdma o\u010dima<\/h2>\n<p>Popkulturu m\u00e1me r\u00e1di, ale nep\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme jej\u00ed slep\u00e1 m\u00edsta. V na\u0161ich v\u00fdb\u011brech dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed prostor autorky, re\u017eis\u00e9rky a um\u011blkyn\u011b, jejich\u017e t\u011bla nebo \u017eivotn\u00ed cesty jsou m\u00e1lo vid\u011bt, a na\u0161e rozbory zkoumaj\u00ed, jak d\u00edla zobrazuj\u00ed \u017eeny, tlust\u00e9 lidi nebo LGBTQIA+ osoby. Seri\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dir\u00e1 radost a p\u0159esto si zaslou\u017eit kritick\u00fd pohled: jedno nevylu\u010duje druh\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010cl\u00e1nky pro za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/jak-umelkyne-sophia-langova-dela-z-tela-hlavni-ustredni-tema-umeni-435706\">Tlust\u00e1 t\u011bla jako hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma um\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>: jak s nimi pracuje jedna sou\u010dasn\u00e1 um\u011blkyn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/zeny-nad-60-let-jsou-v-kine-mene-zastoupeny-nez-zvirata-443362\">\u017deny po \u0161edes\u00e1tce ve filmu<\/a>: studie, podle kter\u00e9 jsou na pl\u00e1tn\u011b vid\u011bt m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/koncept-burzoazniho-pohledu-zpochybnuje-jak-jsou-zastoupeny-pracujici-tridy-437880\">\u201eBur\u017eoazn\u00ed pohled\u201c<\/a>: koncept, kter\u00fd zpochyb\u0148uje, jak filmy a seri\u00e1ly zobrazuj\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/uspech-hororovych-filmu-mezi-zenami-je-fascinujici-skryty-fenomen-447101\">Pro\u010d \u017eeny tak bav\u00ed horory<\/a>: co se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za \u00fasp\u011bchem \u017e\u00e1nru u \u017eensk\u00e9ho publika.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<h3>Co je \u201efemale gaze\u201c?<\/h3>\n<p>\u201eFemale gaze\u201c, \u010desky \u017eensk\u00fd pohled, ozna\u010duje zp\u016fsob nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fd div\u00e1k\u016fm zprost\u0159edkuje pro\u017eitek \u017eensk\u00fdch postav, m\u00edsto aby je ukazoval jako objekty touhy. Pojem vznikl jako odpov\u011b\u010f na \u201emale gaze\u201c, mu\u017esk\u00fd pohled, kter\u00fd popsala britsk\u00e1 filmov\u00e1 teoreti\u010dka Laura Mulvey, aby charakterizovala kinematografii postavenou kolem mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohledu.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak d\u00edla zobrazuj\u00ed t\u011bla?<\/h3>\n<p>Filmy, seri\u00e1ly a knihy spoluur\u010duj\u00ed, co pova\u017eujeme za kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, norm\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed. Vid\u011bt tlust\u00e9, star\u0161\u00ed, LGBTQIA+ lidi nebo lidi s posti\u017een\u00edm v plnohodnotn\u00fdch rol\u00edch, a ne jen jako dopln\u011bk hlavn\u00ed postavy, tyto p\u0159edstavy roz\u0161i\u0159uje. Poznat se v hrdince pom\u00e1h\u00e1 c\u00edtit se opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b a rozmanitost na obrazovce p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k \u00fastupu stereotyp\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak vyb\u00edrat inkluzivn\u00ed filmy a knihy pro d\u011bti?<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00e1vej p\u0159ednost p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016fm, ve kter\u00fdch jednaj\u00ed a rozhoduj\u00ed r\u016fznorod\u00e9 hrdinky a hrdinov\u00e9, bez rol\u00ed vyhrazen\u00fdch jen jednomu pohlav\u00ed. V\u00fdb\u011br usnadn\u00ed tematick\u00e9 seznamy o souhlasu, odli\u0161nosti nebo posti\u017een\u00ed. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u010dten\u00ed pak otev\u00edr\u00e1 rozhovor: co d\u00edt\u011b pochopilo, co ho p\u0159ekvapilo, co by ud\u011blalo na m\u00edst\u011b postavy.<\/p>\n<p>Chce\u0161 j\u00edt d\u00e1l? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/societe\">Rubrika Spole\u010dnost<\/a> rozv\u00edj\u00ed \u00favahy o norm\u00e1ch a diskriminaci a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/people\">rubrika Celebrity<\/a> sleduje um\u011blce a um\u011blkyn\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed otev\u0159en\u011b mluv\u00ed o sv\u00e9m t\u011ble a du\u0161evn\u00edm zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>","parent":0,"count":716,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":1062,"category_count":716,"category_description":"<p>Rubrika Kultura v magaz\u00ednu The Body Optimist vyb\u00edr\u00e1 a rozeb\u00edr\u00e1 filmy, seri\u00e1ly, knihy, hudbu a v\u00fdstavy z pohledu reprezentace: jak\u00e1 t\u011bla, jak\u00e9 \u017eeny a jak\u00e9 identity vid\u00edme na pl\u00e1tn\u011b, v knihkupectv\u00ed nebo na p\u00f3diu? Doporu\u010den\u00ed, anal\u00fdzy a z\u00e1kulis\u00ed jsou ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u0161em, kdo se r\u00e1di bav\u00ed, ale kritick\u00fd pohled si nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed zapnut\u00fd.<\/p>\n<h2>Co najde\u0161 v rubrice Kultura<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Filmy a seri\u00e1ly<\/strong>: novinky, klasiky, ke kter\u00fdm se vyplat\u00ed vr\u00e1tit, a tematick\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011bry, od <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/nejlepsi-filmy-k-navozeni-podzimni-nalady-447190\">film\u016f pro podzimn\u00ed n\u00e1ladu<\/a> po romantick\u00e9 komedie.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Knihy<\/strong>: rom\u00e1ny, eseje a d\u011btsk\u00e9 kn\u00ed\u017eky, kter\u00e9 otev\u00edraj\u00ed t\u00e9mata rovnosti, odli\u0161nosti a identity.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hudba a p\u00f3dium<\/strong>: zp\u011bva\u010dky, kapely, vystoupen\u00ed a sexistick\u00e1 kritika, kter\u00e9 um\u011blkyn\u011b st\u00e1le \u010del\u00ed, jak ukazuje p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/ciste-zenska-hudebni-skupina-katseye-se-po-svem-vystoupeni-stala-tercem-sexisticke-kritiky-433964\">d\u00edv\u010d\u00ed skupiny kritizovan\u00e9 po sv\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Um\u011bn\u00ed a v\u00fdstavy<\/strong>: fotografie, malba, kulturn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/dlouho-pripisovano-muzum-dila-ve-skutecnosti-podepisovana-zenami-443815\">d\u00edla dlouho p\u0159ipisovan\u00e1 mu\u017e\u016fm, kter\u00e1 ve skute\u010dnosti vytvo\u0159ily \u017eeny<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kultura pro d\u011bti<\/strong>: filmy a knihy, se kter\u00fdmi se d\u00e1 u\u017e od \u00fatl\u00e9ho v\u011bku mluvit o odli\u0161nosti, posti\u017een\u00ed nebo souhlasu.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kulturn\u00ed fenom\u00e9ny<\/strong>: tvorba v dob\u011b um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/speedwatching-je-trend-ktery-nas-nuti-konzumovat-zrychlena-videa-429319\">sledov\u00e1n\u00ed vide\u00ed ve zrychlen\u00e9m re\u017eimu<\/a> nebo radost z opakovan\u00e9ho sledov\u00e1n\u00ed stejn\u00fdch seri\u00e1l\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Jak poznat opravdu inkluzivn\u00ed d\u00edlo?<\/h2>\n<p>Inkluzivn\u00ed d\u00edlo nep\u0159id\u00e1 jen jednu \u201ejinou\u201c postavu: d\u00e1 j\u00ed vlastn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh, touhy a \u00fahel pohledu. P\u0159i hodnocen\u00ed filmu, seri\u00e1lu nebo rom\u00e1nu pom\u00e1h\u00e1 p\u00e1r ot\u00e1zek:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>projde Bechdelov\u00e9 testem, tedy mluv\u00ed v n\u011bm spolu aspo\u0148 dv\u011b \u017eeny o n\u011b\u010dem jin\u00e9m ne\u017e o mu\u017ei?<\/li>\n<li>existuj\u00ed tlust\u00e9 postavy, postavy jin\u00e9 barvy pleti, LGBTQIA+ nebo s posti\u017een\u00edm i mimo tuto jedinou charakteristiku?<\/li>\n<li>slou\u017e\u00ed jejich t\u011blo jako zdroj vtipu, nebo je kamera sn\u00edm\u00e1 se stejnou pozornost\u00ed jako ostatn\u00ed?<\/li>\n<li>kdo d\u00edlo napsal, re\u017e\u00edroval nebo ilustroval?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>U\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdm vod\u00edtkem pro rozbor toho, jak se kamera d\u00edv\u00e1 na \u017eeny, je i pojem <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/zensky-pohled-predefinovane-kody-obrazovky-440310\">\u201e\u017eensk\u00fd pohled\u201c (female gaze)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup: bavit se s otev\u0159en\u00fdma o\u010dima<\/h2>\n<p>Popkulturu m\u00e1me r\u00e1di, ale nep\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017e\u00edme jej\u00ed slep\u00e1 m\u00edsta. V na\u0161ich v\u00fdb\u011brech dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed prostor autorky, re\u017eis\u00e9rky a um\u011blkyn\u011b, jejich\u017e t\u011bla nebo \u017eivotn\u00ed cesty jsou m\u00e1lo vid\u011bt, a na\u0161e rozbory zkoumaj\u00ed, jak d\u00edla zobrazuj\u00ed \u017eeny, tlust\u00e9 lidi nebo LGBTQIA+ osoby. Seri\u00e1l m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u010dir\u00e1 radost a p\u0159esto si zaslou\u017eit kritick\u00fd pohled: jedno nevylu\u010duje druh\u00e9.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010cl\u00e1nky pro za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/jak-umelkyne-sophia-langova-dela-z-tela-hlavni-ustredni-tema-umeni-435706\">Tlust\u00e1 t\u011bla jako hlavn\u00ed t\u00e9ma um\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>: jak s nimi pracuje jedna sou\u010dasn\u00e1 um\u011blkyn\u011b.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/zeny-nad-60-let-jsou-v-kine-mene-zastoupeny-nez-zvirata-443362\">\u017deny po \u0161edes\u00e1tce ve filmu<\/a>: studie, podle kter\u00e9 jsou na pl\u00e1tn\u011b vid\u011bt m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e zv\u00ed\u0159ata.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/koncept-burzoazniho-pohledu-zpochybnuje-jak-jsou-zastoupeny-pracujici-tridy-437880\">\u201eBur\u017eoazn\u00ed pohled\u201c<\/a>: koncept, kter\u00fd zpochyb\u0148uje, jak filmy a seri\u00e1ly zobrazuj\u00ed pracuj\u00edc\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/culture\/uspech-hororovych-filmu-mezi-zenami-je-fascinujici-skryty-fenomen-447101\">Pro\u010d \u017eeny tak bav\u00ed horory<\/a>: co se skr\u00fdv\u00e1 za \u00fasp\u011bchem \u017e\u00e1nru u \u017eensk\u00e9ho publika.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n<h3>Co je \u201efemale gaze\u201c?<\/h3>\n<p>\u201eFemale gaze\u201c, \u010desky \u017eensk\u00fd pohled, ozna\u010duje zp\u016fsob nat\u00e1\u010den\u00ed nebo vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00fd div\u00e1k\u016fm zprost\u0159edkuje pro\u017eitek \u017eensk\u00fdch postav, m\u00edsto aby je ukazoval jako objekty touhy. Pojem vznikl jako odpov\u011b\u010f na \u201emale gaze\u201c, mu\u017esk\u00fd pohled, kter\u00fd popsala britsk\u00e1 filmov\u00e1 teoreti\u010dka Laura Mulvey, aby charakterizovala kinematografii postavenou kolem mu\u017esk\u00e9ho pohledu.<\/p>\n<h3>Pro\u010d z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, jak d\u00edla zobrazuj\u00ed t\u011bla?<\/h3>\n<p>Filmy, seri\u00e1ly a knihy spoluur\u010duj\u00ed, co pova\u017eujeme za kr\u00e1sn\u00e9, norm\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo \u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed. Vid\u011bt tlust\u00e9, star\u0161\u00ed, LGBTQIA+ lidi nebo lidi s posti\u017een\u00edm v plnohodnotn\u00fdch rol\u00edch, a ne jen jako dopln\u011bk hlavn\u00ed postavy, tyto p\u0159edstavy roz\u0161i\u0159uje. Poznat se v hrdince pom\u00e1h\u00e1 c\u00edtit se opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b a rozmanitost na obrazovce p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k \u00fastupu stereotyp\u016f.<\/p>\n<h3>Jak vyb\u00edrat inkluzivn\u00ed filmy a knihy pro d\u011bti?<\/h3>\n<p>D\u00e1vej p\u0159ednost p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016fm, ve kter\u00fdch jednaj\u00ed a rozhoduj\u00ed r\u016fznorod\u00e9 hrdinky a hrdinov\u00e9, bez rol\u00ed vyhrazen\u00fdch jen jednomu pohlav\u00ed. V\u00fdb\u011br usnadn\u00ed tematick\u00e9 seznamy o souhlasu, odli\u0161nosti nebo posti\u017een\u00ed. Spole\u010dn\u00e9 sledov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo \u010dten\u00ed pak otev\u00edr\u00e1 rozhovor: co d\u00edt\u011b pochopilo, co ho p\u0159ekvapilo, co by ud\u011blalo na m\u00edst\u011b postavy.<\/p>\n<p>Chce\u0161 j\u00edt d\u00e1l? <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/societe\">Rubrika Spole\u010dnost<\/a> rozv\u00edj\u00ed \u00favahy o norm\u00e1ch a diskriminaci a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/people\">rubrika Celebrity<\/a> sleduje um\u011blce a um\u011blkyn\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed otev\u0159en\u011b mluv\u00ed o sv\u00e9m t\u011ble a du\u0161evn\u00edm zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>","cat_name":"Kultura","category_nicename":"culture","category_parent":0}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8375"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=431304"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431304\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":431350,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431304\/revisions\/431350"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/431308"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=431304"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=431304"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=431304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}