Od doby, kdy se v roce 2021 ujal moci T\u00e1lib\u00e1n, jsou afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 d\u00edvky masivn\u011b vylu\u010dov\u00e1ny ze \u0161kol. Miliony mlad\u00fdch \u017een, zbaven\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupu ke st\u0159edn\u00edmu a vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, se ocitaj\u00ed bez vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch vyhl\u00eddek. Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 tomuto z\u00e1kazu se n\u011bkter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm distan\u010dn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo tajn\u00fdch kurz\u016f, a to navzdory rizik\u016fm a p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ek\u00e1m.<\/p>\n
Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1n je v sou\u010dasnosti jedinou zem\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, kde je d\u00edvk\u00e1m zak\u00e1z\u00e1no nav\u0161t\u011bvovat \u0161kolu po dosa\u017een\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly. \u017d\u00e1kyn\u011b ji\u017e od 12 let jsou nuceny opustit \u0161kolu. Podle UNESCO<\/a> se toto opat\u0159en\u00ed t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 2,2 milionu d\u00edvek. Tento regres ma\u017ee pokrok ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dosa\u017een\u00fd mezi lety 2001 a 2021.<\/p>\n Toto vylou\u010den\u00ed m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky: izolaci, p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 s\u0148atky, ekonomickou z\u00e1vislost a ztr\u00e1tu autonomie. Dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed d\u00edvky jsou nuceny z\u016fst\u00e1vat doma, \u010dasto omezeny na dom\u00e1c\u00ed pr\u00e1ce. Je jim up\u00edr\u00e1no z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e ni\u010d\u00ed nad\u011bje cel\u00e9 generace.<\/p>\n Tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 t\u00e9to realit\u011b se rozv\u00edjej\u00ed tajn\u00e9 s\u00edt\u011b distan\u010dn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 uprchlice v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve Francii a Kanad\u011b, organizuj\u00ed virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed kurzy programov\u00e1n\u00ed, jazyk\u016f a historie. Studentky se spojuj\u00ed pod pseudonymy, s vypnut\u00fdmi fotoapar\u00e1ty a v neust\u00e1l\u00e9m strachu z identifikace.<\/p>\n Omezen\u00fd a nespolehliv\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k internetu v mnoha oblastech tento proces u\u010den\u00ed d\u00e1le komplikuje. Tyto kurzy v\u0161ak nab\u00edzej\u00ed z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lano t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se odm\u00edtaj\u00ed vzd\u00e1t sv\u00fdch sn\u016f. Jak zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jeden u\u010ditel citovan\u00fd den\u00edkem Courrier International<\/em><\/a> : \u201e je to forma tich\u00e9ho odporu.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n Mezit\u00edm n\u011bkter\u00e9 nevl\u00e1dn\u00ed organizace, jako je Femaid,<\/em> organizuj\u00ed prezen\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduku na tajn\u00fdch m\u00edstech. Organizace poskytuje st\u0159edo\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edvk\u00e1m ve v\u011bku 11 a\u017e 18 let. U\u010ditelky, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto samy v nebezpe\u010d\u00ed, u\u010d\u00ed v soukrom\u00fdch domech nebo na skryt\u00fdch m\u00edstech.<\/p>\n Tyto iniciativy umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u011bkolika stovk\u00e1m student\u016f pokra\u010dovat ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, ale jejich po\u010det je omezen\u00fd. Riziko zat\u010den\u00ed je neust\u00e1l\u00e9, a to jak pro u\u010ditele, tak pro studenty. P\u0159esto tyto kurzy poskytuj\u00ed strukturu, nad\u011bji a d\u016fstojnost t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed se jich \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed.<\/p>\n UNESCO, UNICEF a dal\u0161\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed organizace odsuzuj\u00ed toto vylou\u010den\u00ed a vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed k podpo\u0159e m\u00edstn\u00edch iniciativ. Pro n\u011b se nejedn\u00e1 jen o vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, ale o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. P\u0159\u00edstup ke znalostem je nezbytn\u00fd pro autonomii, zdrav\u00ed a hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd rozvoj spole\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n K tomuto \u00fasil\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed i vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed m\u00e9dia vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho obsahu zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9ho na mlad\u00e9 afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 \u017eeny. Tyto alternativy v\u0161ak nenahrazuj\u00ed spravedliv\u00fd a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed pro v\u0161echny.<\/p>\n V zemi, kde studium m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt aktem vzpoury<\/a> , se tis\u00edce d\u00edvek v Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nu nad\u00e1le tajn\u011b u\u010d\u00ed. Mezi online kurzy a tajn\u00fdmi \u0161kolami zt\u011bles\u0148uj\u00ed tich\u00fd, ale odhodlan\u00fd odpor. Tyto iniciativy, a\u010dkoli k\u0159ehk\u00e9, n\u00e1m p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd \u00fatlak nem\u016f\u017ee zcela uhasit touhu po pozn\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n Bez trval\u00e9 podpory t\u011bchto alternativ riskuje cel\u00e1 generace, \u017ee vyroste ve st\u00ednu, zbaven\u00e1 sv\u00e9 budoucnosti. Vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed luxus: je to z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pr\u00e1vo, kter\u00e9 si zaslou\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdt br\u00e1n\u011bno, v\u0161ude a pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Od doby, kdy se v roce 2021 ujal moci T\u00e1lib\u00e1n, jsou afgh\u00e1nsk\u00e9 d\u00edvky masivn\u011b vylu\u010dov\u00e1ny ze \u0161kol. Miliony...","protected":false},"author":8388,"featured_media":431359,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"disable_msn":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[72943],"tags":[97759],"class_list":["post-431358","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-feminisme","tag-news"],"image":{"medium":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/femmes-afghanistan-ecole-200x113.jpg",200,113,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/femmes-afghanistan-ecole-500x281.jpg",500,281,true]},"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/femmes-afghanistan-ecole.jpg","author":{"name":"Naila T.","avatar":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/naol-96x96.jpg"},"categories":[{"term_id":72943,"name":"Feminismus","slug":"feminisme","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":73115,"taxonomy":"category","description":" Rubrika Feminismus v magaz\u00ednu The Body Optimist se v\u011bnuje rovnosti \u017een a mu\u017e\u016f v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b: b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu sexismu, n\u00e1sil\u00ed, pr\u00e1ci, dom\u00e1c\u00edm povinnostem, pr\u00e1v\u016fm i reprezentaci. Rozbory, osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a praktick\u00e9 rady jsou ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u0161em, kdo cht\u011bj\u00ed nerovnostem rozum\u011bt a postavit se jim, se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost\u00ed k tlak\u016fm, kter\u00e9 dol\u00e9haj\u00ed na \u017eensk\u00e1 t\u011bla.<\/p>\n Reakce na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sexismus za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee pojmenuje\u0161, co pr\u00e1v\u011b zazn\u011blo, ani\u017e by ses obhajovala nebo omlouvala. P\u00e1r \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch reflex\u016f:<\/p>\n Nemus\u00ed\u0161 zvl\u00e1dnout v\u0161echno najednou: i jedna klidn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nebo podpora kolegyn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru v\u00edc, ne\u017e se zd\u00e1.<\/p>\n N\u00e1\u0161 pohled zahrnuje v\u0161echny \u017eeny: tlust\u00e9 i huben\u00e9, \u017eeny jin\u00e9 barvy pleti, lesby, trans \u017eeny, \u017eeny s posti\u017een\u00edm, mlad\u0161\u00ed i star\u0161\u00ed. Velk\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky rovnosti propojujeme se za\u017eit\u00fdmi situacemi, od pozn\u00e1mky v kancel\u00e1\u0159i po d\u011blbu dom\u00e1c\u00edch prac\u00ed, a p\u0159ed polemikami d\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159ednost vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed a mo\u017enostem, jak jednat, bez hierarchizov\u00e1n\u00ed boj\u016f a bez stav\u011bn\u00ed \u017een proti sob\u011b.<\/p>\n Feminismus je souhrn my\u0161lenek a hnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o rovnost pr\u00e1v, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edch podm\u00ednek \u017een a mu\u017e\u016f. Zahrnuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 proudy, kter\u00e9 spojuje stejn\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: nerovnosti mezi pohlav\u00edmi jsou spole\u010densky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9, a d\u00e1 se jim proto \u010delit, v z\u00e1konech i v my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n Sexismus zahrnuje p\u0159edsudky, stereotypy a diskriminaci na z\u00e1klad\u011b pohlav\u00ed, \u010dasto tak za\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee je ani nepost\u0159ehneme. Misogynie ozna\u010duje konkr\u00e9tn\u011bji pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eenami nebo nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nim. Vtip o \u201e\u017eensk\u00fdch za volantem\u201c je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd sexismus; projev, kter\u00fd \u017een\u00e1m up\u00edr\u00e1 jakoukoli kompetenci, je misogynie.<\/p>\n Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e (anglicky mental load) ozna\u010duje neviditelnou pr\u00e1ci spojenou s pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a organizac\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti a rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota: myslet na term\u00edny u l\u00e9ka\u0159e, n\u00e1kupy, narozeniny, na to, co chyb\u00ed. I kdy\u017e jsou \u00fakoly rozd\u011blen\u00e9, roli \u201edirigentky\u201c \u010dasto st\u00e1le nesou \u017eeny, co\u017e se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na jejich \u00fanav\u011b i voln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/p>\n V mnoha zem\u00edch funguje bezplatn\u00e1 a d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e1 linka pomoci pro ob\u011bti dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed: vyhledej tu, kter\u00e1 p\u016fsob\u00ed ve tv\u00e9 zemi, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b se obra\u0165 na specializovanou poradnu. V bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed volej t\u00eds\u0148ovou linku. Ozvat se m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 i tehdy, kdy\u017e si nejsi jist\u00e1, jestli to, co za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1\u0161, u\u017e je n\u00e1sil\u00ed.<\/p>\n Chce\u0161 j\u00edt d\u00e1l? V\u0161echna na\u0161e t\u00e9mata najde\u0161 v rubrice Spole\u010dnost<\/a> a v rubrik\u00e1ch Fatfobie<\/a> a LGBTQIA+<\/a>.<\/p>","parent":5678,"count":217,"filter":"raw","cat_ID":72943,"category_count":217,"category_description":" Rubrika Feminismus v magaz\u00ednu The Body Optimist se v\u011bnuje rovnosti \u017een a mu\u017e\u016f v ka\u017edodenn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b: b\u011b\u017en\u00e9mu sexismu, n\u00e1sil\u00ed, pr\u00e1ci, dom\u00e1c\u00edm povinnostem, pr\u00e1v\u016fm i reprezentaci. Rozbory, osobn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy a praktick\u00e9 rady jsou ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u0161em, kdo cht\u011bj\u00ed nerovnostem rozum\u011bt a postavit se jim, se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed pozornost\u00ed k tlak\u016fm, kter\u00e9 dol\u00e9haj\u00ed na \u017eensk\u00e1 t\u011bla.<\/p>\n Reakce na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sexismus za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 t\u00edm, \u017ee pojmenuje\u0161, co pr\u00e1v\u011b zazn\u011blo, ani\u017e by ses obhajovala nebo omlouvala. P\u00e1r \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch reflex\u016f:<\/p>\n Nemus\u00ed\u0161 zvl\u00e1dnout v\u0161echno najednou: i jedna klidn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka nebo podpora kolegyn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ru v\u00edc, ne\u017e se zd\u00e1.<\/p>\n N\u00e1\u0161 pohled zahrnuje v\u0161echny \u017eeny: tlust\u00e9 i huben\u00e9, \u017eeny jin\u00e9 barvy pleti, lesby, trans \u017eeny, \u017eeny s posti\u017een\u00edm, mlad\u0161\u00ed i star\u0161\u00ed. Velk\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky rovnosti propojujeme se za\u017eit\u00fdmi situacemi, od pozn\u00e1mky v kancel\u00e1\u0159i po d\u011blbu dom\u00e1c\u00edch prac\u00ed, a p\u0159ed polemikami d\u00e1v\u00e1me p\u0159ednost vysv\u011btlov\u00e1n\u00ed a mo\u017enostem, jak jednat, bez hierarchizov\u00e1n\u00ed boj\u016f a bez stav\u011bn\u00ed \u017een proti sob\u011b.<\/p>\n Feminismus je souhrn my\u0161lenek a hnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 usiluj\u00ed o rovnost pr\u00e1v, p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost\u00ed a \u017eivotn\u00edch podm\u00ednek \u017een a mu\u017e\u016f. Zahrnuje r\u016fzn\u00e9 proudy, kter\u00e9 spojuje stejn\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed: nerovnosti mezi pohlav\u00edmi jsou spole\u010densky vytvo\u0159en\u00e9, a d\u00e1 se jim proto \u010delit, v z\u00e1konech i v my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n Sexismus zahrnuje p\u0159edsudky, stereotypy a diskriminaci na z\u00e1klad\u011b pohlav\u00ed, \u010dasto tak za\u017eit\u00e9, \u017ee je ani nepost\u0159ehneme. Misogynie ozna\u010duje konkr\u00e9tn\u011bji pohrd\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eenami nebo nep\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed v\u016f\u010di nim. Vtip o \u201e\u017eensk\u00fdch za volantem\u201c je b\u011b\u017en\u00fd sexismus; projev, kter\u00fd \u017een\u00e1m up\u00edr\u00e1 jakoukoli kompetenci, je misogynie.<\/p>\n Ment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e (anglicky mental load) ozna\u010duje neviditelnou pr\u00e1ci spojenou s pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm a organizac\u00ed dom\u00e1cnosti a rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota: myslet na term\u00edny u l\u00e9ka\u0159e, n\u00e1kupy, narozeniny, na to, co chyb\u00ed. I kdy\u017e jsou \u00fakoly rozd\u011blen\u00e9, roli \u201edirigentky\u201c \u010dasto st\u00e1le nesou \u017eeny, co\u017e se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na jejich \u00fanav\u011b i voln\u00e9m \u010dase.<\/p>\n V mnoha zem\u00edch funguje bezplatn\u00e1 a d\u016fv\u011brn\u00e1 linka pomoci pro ob\u011bti dom\u00e1c\u00edho n\u00e1sil\u00ed: vyhledej tu, kter\u00e1 p\u016fsob\u00ed ve tv\u00e9 zemi, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b se obra\u0165 na specializovanou poradnu. V bezprost\u0159edn\u00edm nebezpe\u010d\u00ed volej t\u00eds\u0148ovou linku. Ozvat se m\u016f\u017ee\u0161 i tehdy, kdy\u017e si nejsi jist\u00e1, jestli to, co za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1\u0161, u\u017e je n\u00e1sil\u00ed.<\/p>\n Chce\u0161 j\u00edt d\u00e1l? V\u0161echna na\u0161e t\u00e9mata najde\u0161 v rubrice Spole\u010dnost<\/a> a v rubrik\u00e1ch Fatfobie<\/a> a LGBTQIA+<\/a>.<\/p>","cat_name":"Feminismus","category_nicename":"feminisme","category_parent":5678}]},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431358","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8388"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=431358"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431358\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":431361,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/431358\/revisions\/431361"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/431359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=431358"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=431358"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=431358"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} Online vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jako \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\n
Tajn\u00e9 kurzy na m\u00edst\u011b<\/h2>\n
Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed boj za pr\u00e1vo na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n
Odpor skrze znalosti<\/h2>\n
Co najde\u0161 v rubrice Feminismus<\/h2>\n
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Jak reagovat na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sexismus?<\/h2>\n
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N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup: inkluzivn\u00ed a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed feminismus<\/h2>\n
\u010cl\u00e1nky pro za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/h2>\n
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\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
Co je feminismus?<\/h3>\n
Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi sexismem a misogyni\u00ed?<\/h3>\n
Co je ment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e?<\/h3>\n
Co d\u011blat p\u0159i n\u00e1sil\u00ed ve vztahu?<\/h3>\n
Co najde\u0161 v rubrice Feminismus<\/h2>\n
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Jak reagovat na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sexismus?<\/h2>\n
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N\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup: inkluzivn\u00ed a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed feminismus<\/h2>\n
\u010cl\u00e1nky pro za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/h2>\n
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\u010cast\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n
Co je feminismus?<\/h3>\n
Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi sexismem a misogyni\u00ed?<\/h3>\n
Co je ment\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e?<\/h3>\n
Co d\u011blat p\u0159i n\u00e1sil\u00ed ve vztahu?<\/h3>\n