{"id":436239,"date":"2026-03-07T11:36:03","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T10:36:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/?p=436239"},"modified":"2026-03-07T10:56:59","modified_gmt":"2026-03-07T09:56:59","slug":"reseaux-sociaux-tourisme-de-la-pauvrete-influenceurs-suscite-malaise","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/cs\/voyage\/socialni-media-turistika-v-oblasti-chudoby-a-influenceri-vzbuzuji-obavy-436239","title":{"rendered":"Na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 \u201echudobn\u00e1 turistika\u201c influencer\u016f znepokojen\u00ed."},"content":{"rendered":"

V ekonomice pozornosti, kter\u00e1 dominuje soci\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00edm, n\u011bkter\u00fd obsah p\u0159itahuje miliony zhl\u00e9dnut\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee zobrazuje chudobu nebo nejist\u00e9 \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky. Tyto obr\u00e1zky v\u0161ak z\u00e1rove\u0148 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed rostouc\u00ed znepokojen\u00ed. N\u011bkolik v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f a pozorovatel\u016f nyn\u00ed hovo\u0159\u00ed o \u201echudobn\u00e9 turistice\u201c nebo \u201echudobn\u00e9 pornografii\u201c, aby popsali obsah, kter\u00fd pro online publikum transformuje situace b\u00eddy na pod\u00edvanou.<\/p>\n

\u201eTurismus za chudobou\u201c, fenom\u00e9n studovan\u00fd v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky<\/h2>\n

Tento koncept nen\u00ed nov\u00fd. V akademick\u00e9 literatu\u0159e se \u201eslumov\u00e1 turistika\u201c vztahuje k organizovan\u00fdm n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u00e1m chud\u00fdch nebo marginalizovan\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed, \u010dasto prezentovan\u00fdm jako alternativn\u00ed turistick\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci vysv\u011btluj\u00ed, \u017ee tento jev v posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch v\u00fdrazn\u011b vzrostl a nyn\u00ed je samostatnou oblast\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu v r\u00e1mci cestovn\u00edho ruchu a urbanistick\u00fdch studi\u00ed. Studium \u201eslumov\u00e9 turistiky\u201c<\/a> se v posledn\u00edch dvaceti letech zna\u010dn\u011b rozvinulo a v\u00fdzkum se zam\u011b\u0159uje na jej\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9, soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a etick\u00e9 dopady.<\/p>\n

Historicky se tato praxe datuje do 19. stolet\u00ed, kdy n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci z bohat\u00fdch vrstev cestovali do chud\u0161\u00edch \u010dtvrt\u00ed m\u011bst, jako je Lond\u00fdn nebo New York, aby pozorovali \u017eivotn\u00ed podm\u00ednky obyvatel. Dnes se tyto n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy konaj\u00ed v n\u011bkolika regionech sv\u011bta, zejm\u00e9na v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, Indii, Keni a Braz\u00edlii.<\/p>\n

[vlo\u017eit]https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@ettevi_wanderlust\/video\/7611331190200552734[\/vlo\u017eit]<\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia prom\u011bn\u00ed chudobu ve vir\u00e1ln\u00ed obsah<\/h2>\n

S n\u00e1stupem YouTube, TikToku a Instagramu tyto praktiky nabyly nov\u00e9ho rozm\u011bru. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy znev\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed se nyn\u00ed nat\u00e1\u010dej\u00ed a \u0161iroce \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. Videa nap\u0159\u00edklad ukazuj\u00ed tv\u016frce, jak prozkoum\u00e1vaj\u00ed slumy, pro\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201eden p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed\u201c v chud\u00fdch oblastech nebo rozd\u00e1vaj\u00ed obyvatel\u016fm pen\u00edze na kameru. Tento typ obsahu je n\u011bkdy obvi\u0148ov\u00e1n ze zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed chudoby k generov\u00e1n\u00ed zapojen\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z reklamy.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci<\/a> to ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201echudobn\u00e9 porno\u201c, co\u017e je term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fd k popisu medi\u00e1ln\u00edho zobrazov\u00e1n\u00ed chudoby, kter\u00e9 se sna\u017e\u00ed vyvolat silnou emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed reakci nebo upoutat pozornost. Podle n\u011bkolika anal\u00fdz mohou tyto obrazy redukovat slo\u017eit\u00e9 soci\u00e1ln\u00ed reality na kli\u0161\u00e9 nebo zjednodu\u0161en\u00e9 narativy. Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia tak\u00e9 hraj\u00ed roli v \u0161irok\u00e9m \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed t\u011bchto obraz\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou sd\u00edlet a komentovat miliony u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/p>\n

Brazilsk\u00e9 favely, \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad<\/h2>\n

Braz\u00edlie je jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00edce studovan\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f ve v\u00fdzkumu turismu zalo\u017een\u00e9 na chudob\u011b. V Rio de Janeiru se n\u011bkter\u00e9 favely \u2013 chud\u00e9 \u010dtvrti poznamenan\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00fdmi soci\u00e1ln\u00edmi nerovnostmi \u2013 staly turistick\u00fdmi destinacemi. Prohl\u00eddky s pr\u016fvodcem se tam po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed ji\u017e n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na v \u010dtvrt\u00edch, jako je Rocinha, jedna z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch favel v zemi.<\/p>\n

Studie sociolo\u017eky Biancy Freire-Medeiros<\/a> ukazuje, \u017ee tyto z\u00e1jezdy mohou do ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00ed p\u0159il\u00e1kat n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc turist\u016f m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. Tyto z\u00e1jezdy jsou v\u0161ak velmi kontroverzn\u00ed. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci poukazuj\u00ed na to<\/a> , \u017ee chudoba m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na jako turistick\u00e1 atrakce, co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b zastoupen\u00ed obyvatel a skute\u010dn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00ednos\u016f pro m\u00edstn\u00ed komunity.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumy tak\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee turistick\u00e9 okruhy jsou n\u011bkdy organizov\u00e1ny akt\u00e9ry mimo komunitu s p\u0159edem definovan\u00fdmi itiner\u00e1\u0159i, kter\u00e9 ne v\u017edy odr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed ka\u017edodenn\u00ed realitu obyvatel. V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci proj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt \u010dtvrt\u011bmi nebo se zastavovat na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch m\u00edstech, co\u017e p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k prom\u011bn\u011b t\u011bchto prostor v pozorovac\u00ed m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n

[vlo\u017eit]https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@wilawilaxo\/video\/7479495112226262318?q=chudoba%20tourism&t=1772798167113[\/vlo\u017eit]<\/p>\n

Mezi v\u011bdom\u00edm a voyeurismem<\/h2>\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o slo\u017eitou problematiku. N\u011bkter\u00e9 iniciativy v oblasti komunitn\u00edho cestovn\u00edho ruchu se sna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it vyv\u00e1\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed modely, v nich\u017e se m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edmo pod\u00edlej\u00ed na organizaci z\u00e1jezd\u016f a t\u011b\u017e\u00ed z pod\u00edlu na p\u0159\u00edjmech. Hranice mezi zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm pov\u011bdom\u00ed a zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm v\u0161ak z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem debaty.<\/p>\n

Anal\u00fdza zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na etiku cestovn\u00edho ruchu v chud\u00fdch \u010dtvrt\u00edch zd\u016fraz\u0148uje, \u017ee \u201etyto praktiky mohou pos\u00edlit mocenskou dynamiku mezi n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky a obyvateli, zejm\u00e9na pokud se chudoba stane p\u0159edm\u011btem pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo zv\u011bdavosti.\u201c<\/em> V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci tak\u00e9 poukazuj\u00ed na to, \u017ee \u201eobr\u00e1zky \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 online mohou ovlivnit vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto \u010dtvrt\u00ed a jejich obyvatel a n\u011bkdy pos\u00edlit stereotypy.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Debata o \u201eturistice za \u00fa\u010delem z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed chudoby\u201c ilustruje nap\u011bt\u00ed kolem reprezentace nerovnosti v digit\u00e1ln\u00edm prostoru. Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 obsahy tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee zvy\u0161uj\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed o \u010dasto neviditeln\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch realit\u00e1ch, jin\u00e9 jsou obvi\u0148ov\u00e1ny z toho, \u017ee z nejistoty d\u011blaj\u00ed pod\u00edvanou ur\u010denou ke generov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1zor\u016f. Ve v\u011bku soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed se tyto etick\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky st\u00e1vaj\u00ed o to d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi, proto\u017ee obrazy \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 tv\u016frci obsahu mohou oslovit glob\u00e1ln\u00ed publikum a m\u00edt trval\u00fd vliv na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00fdch komunit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"V ekonomice pozornosti, kter\u00e1 dominuje soci\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u00e9di\u00edm, n\u011bkter\u00fd obsah p\u0159itahuje miliony zhl\u00e9dnut\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee zobrazuje chudobu nebo nejist\u00e9...","protected":false},"author":8375,"featured_media":436240,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"disable_msn":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[96338],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-436239","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-voyage"],"image":{"medium":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Nubia-Navarro-nubikini-_-Pexels-200x113.jpg",200,113,true],"large":["https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Nubia-Navarro-nubikini-_-Pexels-500x281.jpg",500,281,true]},"custom":{"td_video":"","featured_image":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Nubia-Navarro-nubikini-_-Pexels.jpg","author":{"name":"Fabienne Baure","avatar":"https:\/\/www.ma-grande-taille.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/fabienne_baure-96x96.jpg"},"categories":[{"term_id":96338,"name":"Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed","slug":"voyage","term_group":0,"term_taxonomy_id":96510,"taxonomy":"category","description":"

Rubrika Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed magaz\u00ednu The Body Optimist p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed tipy na destinace<\/strong> a konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed rady, jak si napl\u00e1novat dovolenou doma i v zahrani\u010d\u00ed: p\u0159\u00edprava, rozpo\u010det, balen\u00ed, doprava, cesty o samot\u011b i s rodinou. V\u011bnujeme se tak\u00e9 tomu, na co pr\u016fvodce \u010dasto zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed, t\u0159eba jak cestovat v klidu i ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm t\u011ble, v letadle i na pl\u00e1\u017ei, aby si ka\u017ed\u00e1 mohla vyrazit s lehkou hlavou.<\/p>\n

Co najde\u0161 v rubrice Cestov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n